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In order to create historical thinking and source analysis, students must have historical background knowledge and an understanding of its modern impact. This requires the ability to check primary and secondary sources for validity and to understand how to use these sources as supporting evidence. Making connections to the Ludlow Massacre and the Labor Movement during the Progressive Era, students will be able to trace the connections from the past to the present and analyze their causes, effects, and significance in a critical manner. This lesson was designed for the Fall of 2020, but can be adapted for any current event. The focus is the Ludlow Massacre and the broader effects of the Labor Movement at that time.
No Technology Access
Use this learning activity modification when students have no access to a device or to the internet.
Low Technology Access
Use this learning activity modification when students have intermittent access to a device or to the internet and also have the ability to use technology with minimal support.
High Technology Access
Use this learning activity modification when students have few or no device or internet access limitations and also have the ability to use technology with minimal support.
This is a collaborative lesson built by Kelly Jones-Wagy , Mark Olmstead and Tim Lorenz
Teaching Notes
Use with other map and table:
Where was the highest population growth in Colorado? Why do you think there was rapid population growth in that area? Which resource is most prevalent in southern Colorado? What potential conflict could you predict from rapid population growth, resource abundance, and low government oversight?
Cause: What was occurring in the United States at this time that led to events like the Ludlow Massacre and other labor strikes?
Reference link: https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
Reference note
Go to the 1910 link, then Final Reports, and then Volume 2, Full Document.
Teaching Notes
Paired with the Black Lives Matter protest article:
Using the maps of the historic labor protests and the contemporary Black Lives Matter protests, what comparisons can be seen? Is there a pattern between the two? How are economic and racial justice similar? In what areas do they overlap? In what areas are they unique? Have students make digital protest posters for the different types of movements. How does the messaging of the two movements show similarity and differences between their methods and goals?
Effect: What were the short-term AND long-term effects of the labor movement of the early 20th century?
Significance: How does the Ludlow Massacre contextualize the broader Labor Movement and its significance to US History?
Modern Impact: What impacts do we see today that are a result of labor strikes during the Progressive Era?
Teaching Notes
Paired with the Biggest Worker Strikes of All Time article:
Using the maps of the historic labor protests and the contemporary Black Lives Matter protests, what comparisons can be seen? Is there a pattern between the two? How are economic and racial justice similar? In what areas do they overlap? In what areas are they unique? Have students make digital protest posters for the two different types of movements. How does the messaging of the two movements show similarity and differences between their methods and goals?
Effect: What were the short-term AND long-term effects of the labor movement of the early 20th century?
Significance: How does the Ludlow Massacre contextualize the broader Labor Movement and its significance to US History?
Modern Impact: What impacts do we see today that are a result of labor strikes during the Progressive Era?
Teaching Notes
Used with the Cheyenne Record:
Using these two newspaper clips as templates recreate a news article of the Ludlow Massacre. Have students focus on the aspects of primary sources and what makes them effective. Useful for language development for ELL’s. Focus on unique language used in periodical writing. How do periodicals capture attention without sacrificing the needed information. What information is needed to tell the news, and what would be considered superfluous? (can be done on paper or the computer, if available).
sometech Bilingual Education/ESL
Primary vs. Secondary Sources: Which source was most convincing towards constructing your argument? What made it effective?
Reference link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093407/1914-05-29/ed-1/seq-2/#words=Mother+Jones
Reference note
Newspaper: The Seattle star. (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947
Newspaper Link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093407/1914-05-29/ed-1/seq-2/#words=Mother+Jones
Image provided by: Washington State Library; Olympia, WA
PDF Link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093407/1914-05-29/ed-1/seq-2/#words=Mother+Jones.pdf
Teaching Notes
Used with the Seattle Star newspaper:
Using these two newspaper clips as templates recreate a news article of the Ludlow Massacre. Have students focus on the aspects of primary sources and what makes them effective. Useful for language development for ELL’s. Focus on unique language used in periodical writing. How do periodicals capture attention without sacrificing the needed information. What information is needed to tell the news, and what would be considered superfluous? (can be done on paper or the computer, if available).
sometech Bilingual Education/ESL
Primary vs. Secondary Sources: Which source was most convincing towards constructing your argument? What made it effective?
Reference link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn89052329/1914-04-30/ed-1/seq-6/#words=Ludlow+Trinidad+Rockefeller+Colorado+strike+coal+mine
Reference note
Newspaper: Cheyenne record. (Cheyenne Wells, Cheyenne County, Colo.) 1913-19??
Newspaper Link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn89052329/1914-04-30/ed-1/seq-6/#words=Ludlow+Trinidad+Rock...
Image provided by: History Colorado
PDF Link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn89052329/1914-04-30/ed-1/seq-6/#words=Ludlow+Trinidad+Rockefeller+Colorado+strike+coal+mine.pdf
Teaching Notes
Paired with the Zinn Project Article
Compare and contrast: Ludlow and COVID-19, What do workplaces need to be considered safe?
Effect: What were the short-term AND long-term effects of the labor movement of the early 20th century?
Significance: How does the Ludlow Massacre contextualize the broader Labor Movement and its significance to US History?
Modern Impact: What impacts do we see today that are a result of labor strikes during the Progressive Era?
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs) notech
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Reference link: https://www.loc.gov/item/2012648311/
Reference note
Title
[Coal miners at work in mine]
Summary
Photograph of sterograph half shows two miners working by candlelight in mine.
Contributor Names
Underwood & Underwood, copyright claimant
Created / Published
c1906.
Teaching Notes
Group with: (S.2893, Haymarket Riot, AFL-CIO, UMWA poster)
Leveled analysis:
Teaching Notes
Group with: (S.2893, Haymarket Riot, AFL-CIO, UMWA poster)
Leveled analysis:
Teaching Notes
Group with: (S.2893, Haymarket Riot, AFL-CIO, UMWA poster)
Leveled analysis:
Teaching Notes
Paired with the New York Times COVID-19 article:
Compare and contrast: Ludlow and COVID-19, What do workplaces need to be considered safe?
Effect: What were the short-term AND long-term effects of the labor movement of the early 20th century?
Significance: How does the Ludlow Massacre contextualize the broader Labor Movement and its significance to US History?
Modern Impact: What impacts do we see today that are a result of labor strikes during the Progressive Era?
Teaching Notes
How is music considered an historical source? How does the song portray the Ludlow Massacre? How are songs sometimes more effective at messaging than other forms of communication? Is this song pro-labor or anti-labor? How can you tell?
Primary vs. Secondary Sources: Which source was most convincing towards constructing your argument? What made it effective?
Pro vs. Anti Labor: Which source would be used to support a pro-labor argument? Why? And which would best support an anti-labor argument? Why?
Reference note
'Refers to the violent deaths of 20 people, 11 of them children, during an attack by the Colorado National Guard on a tent colony of 1,200 striking coal miners and their families inLudlow, Colorado on April 20, 1914'
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs)
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Teaching Notes
Use with other map and table:
Where was the highest population growth in Colorado? Why do you think there was rapid population growth in that area? Which resource is most prevalent in southern Colorado? What potential conflict could you predict from rapid population growth, resource abundance, and low government oversight?
Cause: What was occurring in the United States at this time that led to events like the Ludlow Massacre and other labor strikes?
Reference link: https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
Reference note
Go to the 1910 link, then Final Reports, and then Volume 2, Full Document.
Teaching Notes
Use with other map and table:
Where was the highest population growth in Colorado? Why do you think there was rapid population growth in that area? Which resource is most prevalent in southern Colorado? What potential conflict could you predict from rapid population growth, resource abundance, and low government oversight?
Cause: What was occurring in the United States at this time that led to events like the Ludlow Massacre and other labor strikes?
Reference link: https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
Reference note
Go to the 1910 link, then Final Reports, and then Volume 2, Full Document.
Teaching Notes
Group with: (S.2893, Haymarket Riot, AFL-CIO, UMWA poster)
Leveled analysis:
Reference link: https://www.loc.gov/item/2003656924/
Reference note
Title
United Mine-Workers of America
Contributor Names
Kurz & Allison.
Created / Published
c1899.
Notes
- This record contains unverified data from PGA shelflist card, with subsequent revisions.
- Associated name on shelflist card: Kurz & Allison Art Studio, Chicago.
- Copyrighted by Dennis G. Sims, Sullivan, Indiana.
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs)
Primary vs. Secondary Sources: Which source was most convincing towards constructing your argument? What made it effective?
Pro vs. Anti Labor: Which source would be used to support a pro-labor argument? Why? And which would best support an anti-labor argument? Why?
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Have students create a caption for each photograph that explain in their own words how it captures the significance of the event.” How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs)
Primary vs. Secondary Sources: Which source was most convincing towards constructing your argument? What made it effective?
Pro vs. Anti Labor: Which source would be used to support a pro-labor argument? Why? And which would best support an anti-labor argument? Why?
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs)
Primary vs. Secondary Sources: Which source was most convincing towards constructing your argument? What made it effective?
Pro vs. Anti Labor: Which source would be used to support a pro-labor argument? Why? And which would best support an anti-labor argument? Why?
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs) notech
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Teaching Notes
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Reference note
Title
Women's march
Date
January 1914
Summary
Women demonstrate to free Mother Jones and support the AMW Ludlow strike against CF&I, in Trinidad (Las Animas County), Colorado. They wear sashes that read: "Trinidad". One woman holds a sign that reads: "Mother Jones Has Not Done Anything That We Would Not Do".
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs) notech
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs) notech
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
Teaching Notes
What conclusions can be drawn from the provided photographs and maps? (Grouped with all other photographs) notech
Create a photojournal of the events at Ludlow and the propaganda. Students should explain each photograph in their own words creating captions of the events and how that picture captures the significance of the events. How could the photo be impactful? What purpose does the photo serve? In today’s society social media like Instagram is a version of a photojournal where we document our own personal history through photographs. If students were to create an Instagram page for the Ludlow Massacre or other labor strikes how could they document it to capture the full story and caption it to express the significance, cause, and effects? hitech hightech
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