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Abolitionist Cartoons and Images

Album Description

This Album contains Cartoons and Images that highlight the antislavery movement in the Antebellum period through the Civil War

The abolition of the slave trade Or the inhumanity of dealers in human flesh exemplified in Captn. Kimber's treatment of a young Negro girl of 15 for her virjen (sic) modesty.

Teaching Notes

This is Image #1 of 8 in our Collection (Assigned to Student Group #1)

Reference note

Summary: Print shows sailor on a slave ship suspending an African girl by her ankle from a rope over a pulley. Captain John Kimber stands on the left with a whip in his hand.
Contributor Names: Cruikshank, Isaac, 1756?-1811?, artist (attributed name).
Created / Published: [London] : Pubd. by S.W Fores, 1792 April 10.
Subject Headings: -  Kimber, John
-  Slave ships--1790-1800
-  Slaves--1790-1800
-  Africans--Punishment & torture--1790-1800
-  Slave trade--1790-1800
Genre: Cartoons (Commentary)--British--1790-1800
Etchings--British--Hand-colored--1790-1800
Notes: -  Title from item.
-  Attributed to I. Cruikshank in BM CPPS.
-  Catalogue of prints and drawings in the British Museum. Division I, political and personal satires, v. 6, no. 8079
-  Forms part of: British Cartoon Prints Collection (Library of Congress).
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
Digital Id: cph 3g06204 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3g06204

The fugitive's song

Teaching Notes

This is Image #2 of 8 (Assigned to Student Group #2)

Reference note

Summary: A sheet music cover illustrated with a portrait of prominent black abolitionist Frederick Douglass as a runaway slave. Douglass flees barefoot from two mounted pursuers who appear across the river behind him with their pack of dogs. Ahead, to the right, a signpost points toward New England. The cover's text states that "The Fugitive's Song" was "composed and respectfully dedicated, in token of confident esteem to Frederick Douglass. A graduate from the peculiar institution. For his fearless advocacy, signal ability and wonderful success in behalf of his brothers in bonds. (and to the fugitives from slavery in the) free states & Canadas by their friend Jesse Hutchinson Junr." As the illustration suggests, Douglass himself had escaped from slavery, fleeing in 1838 from Maryland to Massachusetts. He achieved considerable renown for his autobiography "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass," first published in 1845. The Library's copy of "The Fugitive's Song" was deposited for copyright on July 23, 1845. An earlier abolitionist song composed by Hutchinson, "Get Off the Track!" (no. 1844-14), also used a cover illustration to amplify its message.
Contributor Names: Bouve, Ephraim W., 1817-1897, artist
Prentiss, Henry, 1801-1859, publisher
Prentiss, Henry, 1801-1859, copyright claimant
Created / Published: Boston : Published by Henry Prentiss, 33 Court St., 1845.
Subject Headings: -  Douglass, Frederick,--1818-1895
-  Hutchinson, Jesse,--1802-1853
-  African Americans--1840-1850
-  Abolition movement--1840-1850
-  Fugitive slaves--1840-1850
-  Slavery--1840-1850
-  Canada--Foreign relations--United States--1840-1850
-  United States--Foreign relations--Canada--1840-1850
Genre: Lithographs--1840-1850
Sheet music covers--1840-1850
Notes: -  Title from item.
-  Lith. of E.W. Bouvé Boston.
-  Entered according to act of congress in the year 1845 by Henry Prentiss in the clerks office of the district court of Massachusetts.
-  Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1845-7.
-  Exhibited: "Portraits of a People: Picturing African Americans in the Nineteenth Century" at the Addison Gallery of American Art, Andover, Massachusetts, and other venues, 2006.
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Digital Id: ppmsca 07616 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ppmsca.07616
cph 3a10460 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3a10460

Practical illustration of the Fugitive Slave Law / E.C. del.

Teaching Notes

This is Image #3 of 8 (Assigned to Student Group #3)

Reference note

Summary: A satire on the antagonism between Northern abolitionists on the one hand, and Secretary of State Daniel Webster and other supporters of enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. Here abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison (left) holds a slave woman in one arm and points a pistol toward a burly slave catcher mounted on the back of Daniel Webster. The slave catcher, wielding a noose and manacles, is expensively dressed, and may represent the federal marshals or commissioners authorized by the act (and paid) to apprehend and return fugitive slaves to their owners. Behind Garrison a black man also aims a pistol toward the group on the right, while another seizes a cowering slaveholder by the hair and is about to whip him saying, "It's my turn now Old Slave Driver." Garrison: "Don't be alarmed Susanna, you're safe enough." Slave catcher: "Don't back out Webster, if you do we're ruind." Webster, holding "Constitution": "This, though Constitutional, is "extremely disagreeable." "Man holding volumes "Law & Gospel": "We will give these fellows a touch of South Carolina."Man with quill and ledger: "I goes in for Law & Order." A fallen slaveholder: "This is all "your" fault Webster." In the background is a Temple of Liberty flying two flags, one reading "A day, an hour, of virtuous Liberty, is worth an age of Servitude" and the other, "All men are born free & equal." The print may (as Weitenkampf suggests) be the work of New York artist Edward Williams Clay. The signature, the expressive animation of the figures, and especially the political viewpoint are, however, uncharacteristic of Clay. (Compare for instance that artist's "What's Sauce for the Goose," no. 1851-5.) It is more likely that the print was produced in Boston, a center of bitter opposition to the Fugitive Slave Act in 1850 and 1851.
Created / Published: [Boston? : s.n.], 1851.
Subject Headings: -  Garrison, William Lloyd,--1805-1879
-  Webster, Daniel,--1782-1852
-  United States.--Fugitive slave law (1850)
-  United States.--Constitution--1850-1860
-  Abolition movement--1850-1860
-  Slavery--1850-1860
-  Boston (Mass.)--1850-1860
-  South Carolina--1850-1860
-  Temple of Liberty
Notes: -  Title from item.
-  Signed on stone: E.C. Del.
-  Century, p. 70-71.
-  Weitenkampf, p. 102-103.
-  Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)
-  Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1851-6.
-  Exhibited: "Capitol Visitor Center" at the U.S. Capitol, Washington, D.C., 2013.
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Digital Id: ppmsca 34495 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ppmsca.34495
cph 3a29452 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3a29452
cph 3j00251 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3j00251
cph 3g04660 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3g04660

Forcing slavery down the throat of a freesoiler

Teaching Notes

This is Image #4 of 8 (Assigned to Student Group #4)

Reference note

Summary: The artist lays on the Democrats the major blame for violence perpetrated against antislavery settlers in Kansas in the wake of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Here a bearded "freesoiler" has been bound to the "Democratic Platform" and is restrained by two Lilliputian figures, presidential nominee James Buchanan and Democratic senator Lewis Cass. Democratic senator Stephen A. Douglas and president Franklin Pierce, also shown as tiny figures, force a black man into the giant's gaping mouth. The freesoiler's head rests on a platform marked "Kansas," "Cuba," and "Central America," probably referring to Democratic ambitions for the extension of slavery. In the background left is a scene of burning and pillage; on the right a dead man hangs from a tree.
Contributor Names: Magee, John L.
Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana (Library of Congress) DLC
Created / Published: Philad. : Pub. by J.L. Magee, 1856.
Subject Headings: -  Buchanan, James,--1791-1868
-  Cass, Lewis,--1782-1866
-  Douglas, Stephen A.--(Stephen Arnold),--1813-1861
-  Pierce, Franklin,--1804-1869
-  Abolition movement--Kansas--1850-1860
-  Presidential elections--United States--1850-1860
-  Slavery--United States--1850-1860
-  Kansas--History--1854-1861
-  Central America--1850-1860
-  Cuba--1850-1860
Genre: Lithographs--1850-1860
Political cartoons--1850-1860
Notes: -  "Pub. by J.L. Magee 48 Pasyunk Road Phila."
-  Drawn by John L. Magee.
-  Title appears as it is written on the item.
-  Weitenkampf, p. 115.
-  Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1856-8.
-  LAC ecr 2021-10-25 no edits (1 card)
Repository: Library of Congress Rare Book and Special Collections Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
Digital Id: cph 3b38367 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3b38367

The Rail candidate.

Teaching Notes

This is Image #5 of 8 (assigned to Student Group #1)

Reference note

Created / Published: Currier & Ives, New York, 1860
Subject Headings: -  Slavery
-  Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865
-  African American
-  abolition
-  Rail Splitter
-  Greeley, Horace (1811-1872)
-  Women
-  Republican Platform
-  Seward, William Henry (1801-1872)
-  Lincoln-portrait of
-  political cartoon
-  Webb, James Watson (1802-1884)
-  Portraits
-  Broadsides
-  Humor, satire
-  United States -- New York
-  United States -- Oregon
Genre: Portraits
Broadsides
Humor, satire
Repository: Rare Book And Special Collections Division
Digital Id: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/lprbscsm.scsm0341

"The nigger" in the woodpile

Teaching Notes

This is Image #6 of 8 (assigned to Student Group #2)

Reference note

Summary: A racist parody of Republican efforts to play down the antislavery plank in their 1860 platform. Horace Greeley, the prominent New York publicist of the party, stands at left reassuring a man identified as "Young America." "I assure you my friend," he says, "that you can safely vote our ticket, for we have no connection with the Abolition party, but our Platform is composed entirely of rails, split by our Candidate." Young America, who represents progressive Democrats, points insistently toward the right, where candidate Abraham Lincoln sits atop a makeshift construction made of rails marked "Republican Platform," which imprisons a grinning black man. He tells Greeley, "It's no use old fellow! you can't pull that wool over my eyes for I can see the Nigger' peeping through the rails." Meanwhile, Lincoln reflects, "Little did I think when I split these rails that they would be the means of elevating me to my present position."
Contributor Names: Currier & Ives.
Maurer, Louis, 1832-1932, artist
Created / Published: [New York : Currier & Ives], c1860.
Subject Headings: -  African Americans (portrayed)
-  Greeley, Horace, support of Lincoln's presidential candidacy
-  Lincoln, Abraham, presidential candidate
-  Slaves and slavery, as a campaign issue
-  Young America (personified)
Genre: Political cartoons--1860-1870
Ethnic stereotypes--1860-1870
Lithographs--1860-1870
Notes: -  Probably drawn by Louis Maurer.
-  Title transcribed from item.
-  Currier & Ives : a catalogue raisonné / compiled by Gale Research. Detroit, MI : Gale Research, c1983, no. 4849
-  Weitenkampf, p. 123
-  The Lincoln Image, p. 37
-  Wilson, pp. 32-33
-  Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1860-30.
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
Digital Id: pga 04954 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pga.04954
cph 3a11429 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3a11429

The true issue or "That's what's the matter"

Teaching Notes

This is Image #7 of 8 (Assigned to Student Group #3)

Reference note

Summary: In a rare pro-Democrat cartoon presidential aspirant George Brinton McClellan is portrayed as the intermediary between Abraham Lincoln and Confederacy president Jefferson Davis. Gen. McClellan is in the center acting as a go-between in a tug-of-war over a "Map of the United States" engaged in by Lincoln (left) and Davis. He holds the two men by their lapels and asserts, "The Union must be preserved at all hazards!" Lincoln tugs at the northern side of the map, saying, "No peace without abolition." Davis pulls at the southern portion, advocating, "No peace without Separation!!"
Contributor Names: Currier & Ives.
Created / Published: New York : Published by Currier & Ives, c1864.
Subject Headings: -  McClellan, George B.--(George Brinton),--1826-1885
-  Lincoln, Abraham,--1809-1865
-  Davis, Jefferson,--1808-1889
-  Presidential elections--United States--1860-1870
-  Maps--United States--1860-1870
Genre: Political cartoons--1860-1870
Lithographs--1860-1870
Notes: -  Title from item.
-  Currier & Ives : a catalogue raisonné / compiled by Gale Research. Detroit, MI : Gale Research, c1983, no. 6721
-  Lorant, p. 265
-  Wilson, p. 269-269
-  Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1864-28.
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
Digital Id: cph 3g12609 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3g12609
cph 3a16240 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3a16240

Emancipation. And by virtue of the power and for the purpose aforesaid, I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves … shall be free!

Teaching Notes

This is Image #8 of 8 (Assigned to Student Group #4)

Reference note

Created / Published: J. L. Magee, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1865
Subject Headings: -  Slavery
-  Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865
-  African American
-  abolition
-  Education
-  Emancipation Proclamation
-  civil rights
-  political cartoon
-  Broadsides
-  Humor, satire
-  United States -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia -- Philadelphia
Genre: Broadsides
Humor, satire
Repository: Rare Book And Special Collections Division
Digital Id: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/lprbscsm.scsm0336